The Eulimidae is a diverse group of symbiotic gastropods, most of which appear in tropical waters, but have not been fully studied. Worldwide, this family includes about 1,500 species, mostly known in symbiotic associations with all living classes of echinoderms.
The speed of urbanization and industrialization in areas near the sea is always proportional to the pressure on the environment. Untreated waste from factories in industrial zones becomes the main source of pollution to natural water, including aquaculture water systems. Heavy metal or toxic chemical pollution is the major threat to aquatic life, including fish
Assessment of genetic diversity and structure among populations and within species is important for genetic conservation and plant breeding programs. Genetic diversity is also important for a species' adaptability for long-term survival and adaptation to changing environmental conditions.
The broad-billed bird family (Eurylaimidae) includes species in the Passeriformes order distributed mainly in evergreen and semi-evergreen forest habitats in tropical Southeast Asia and some species in Africa.
Seasonal dynamics in tropical forests are closely related to the variation in forest canopy gaps. The forest canopy gaps allow sunlight to penetrate easily, creating a living space and energizing the regenerating vegetation under the canopy. The forest canopy gap plays an important role in the forest ecology, with impacts on the nutrient cycle of the forest vegetation cover, a factor in promoting the forest succession process.
Sam Ngoc Linh Panax vietnamensis Ha et Grushv. is an important herb, endemic and endangered in Vietnam.
